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	<title>3 Minute Theologian &#187; 3MT</title>
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	<description>Words about God and life for the Attention Deficit generation</description>
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	<category>Religion &#38; Spirituality:Christianity</category>
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	<itunes:subtitle>Words about God and life for the Attention Deficit generation</itunes:subtitle>
	<itunes:summary>a different, perhaps unexpected, angle into the experiences, difficulties and rewards of being a faithful Christian in the world today  --- and all in three minutes!</itunes:summary>
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	<itunes:author>Justin Lewis-Anthony</itunes:author>
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		<title>Does it mean nothing to you, 4</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/24/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-4/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/24/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-4/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Apr 2011 06:00:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Witnesses to the Passover]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[easter]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=552</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Oh God! I don’t believe it! They’re back again! In the middle hours of the night, when all respectable, God-fearing people should be in bed with the door locked and windows closed, and only bandits, graverobbers and Romans are out and about, there’s a mutter of whispering and shuffling on the staircase outside my bedroom [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<br><div class=’series_links’><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 3'>[Previous in series]</a> </div><br><p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-557" title="Giotto (Arena chapel)" src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/23-Pentecost.jpg" alt="" width="50%" /></p>
<p>Oh God! I don’t believe it! They’re back again! In the middle hours of the night, when all respectable, God-fearing people should be in bed with the door locked and windows closed, and only bandits, graverobbers and Romans are out and about, there’s a mutter of whispering and shuffling on the staircase outside my bedroom window. It takes me a bleary-eared couple of heartbeats to work out that those are Galilean accents, and I recognize one for sure: Big-Lump, the super-spy who’d come with the Galilean Rabbi on Thursday afternoon. My heart sinks. I had hoped to have seen the last of them when they left my furnished dining room on Thursday night, and even though Judas, the only decent one in the whole party, never showed up on Friday to pay the account, I would rather take the financial hit than deal with that lot again.</p>
<p>And anyway, who said that innkeepers have to be insurrectionists as well? I keep rooms in which Passovers may be eaten— hospitality for pilgrims is my business. I didn’t set out to be a base for every bandit in Judea to plot and regroup. I thought, on Thursday night, that they were just a bunch of stuck-up and slightly thick provincials. The usual crowd to make money from. And then, after what happened on Friday I realise that this lot are dangerous. “We’re leaving to continue our worship somewhere else,” said the high-handed Rabbi to me. “We don’t want to be disturbed.” Well he did me a favour according to all accounts. Temple guards and Roman soldiers arrested them in their prayer meeting, and the drippy Galilean was taken off to Caiaphas’s house. Can you imagine the complaints from the neighbours if the soldiers had come here? “Oi! It’s the night before Passover! Can’t you keep the noise down?” “Sorry, sorry,” I’d’ve had to shout back. “Not my fault I rented rooms to revolutionaries” !</p>
<p>Thaddeus told me that the Rabbi had been executed on Friday. Pincer movement between the High Priest and the Governor. Don’t like seeing anyone getting killed by the Romans, even a stuck-up sneak like that Galilean, but I like bodies in the street even less. I remember the last insurrection. Not pleasant, I can tell you, and if the death of one (or two!) Galilean rabbis means we don’t have to live through all that again, well— it’s a price worth paying.</p>
<p>But now they’re back! I stick my head out of the window and look at them milling pathetically around in the courtyard below. “What do you think you’re doing?” I hiss. “Go away!”</p>
<p>“We’ve got nowhere else to go to,” says one, not Big-Lump, who I can see standing to one side, arms wrapped around himself, staring into space.</p>
<p>“Not my problem. Go away!”</p>
<p>“Please! We need somewhere to rest. We’ve been on the move for two days.”</p>
<p>I’m about to swear at them when I see shutters beginning to move on the other side of the squares. Which is worse: neighbours or Galileans? Hard choice, but without really knowing why, I go downstairs and lift the bolt from the door, and let them in.</p>
<p>“Quickly” I hiss. “Before the neighbours hear.”</p>
<p>“Thank you, thank you,” they all mutter. Their gratitude makes me cringe more than the drunken arrogance of two days ago.</p>
<p>“Yes, yes, quickly. Inside.”</p>
<p>I take them upstairs, back into the large dining room I had hired to them for the Passover. Hired, but not been paid for. “You can stay here for the moment,” I say. “But I want to be paid for the dinner. Judas was supposed to pay me on Friday. Where is he?” There’s an embarrassed pause, and the one who spoke to me outside answers.</p>
<p>“Judas is dead. Killed himself. Buried in the potter’s field.” I sigh.</p>
<p>“With or without his money?”</p>
<p>Another pause: “Without. The temple priests took the money back from him.”</p>
<p>“Temple priests? Why did they have his money? My money? No, don’t tell me. I think it’s safer for me to know as little about you lot as possible. Two of you dead in two days. What do you reckon your chances of survival are?” At this Big-Lump shakes himself out of his stupor.</p>
<p>“Survival? Not good. Not good at all. We will not survive. We don’t deserve to survive.” Another pause.</p>
<p>“Well,” says I, business like. “I’m glad to see the party mood continuing. You can stay the day. Then I want you out at night-fall, and I suggest you get out of the city then. You can usually get through the Dung Gate before the curfew sets in. But that’s your problem.” There’s no response from them, but they all just collapse on the cushions on the floor. They look as if they have slept since Thursday night. Well, trouble-making is a tiring business. And if I sound unsympathetic, then that’s because I am.</p>
<p>There’s peace and quiet for a few hours, but I can hear, before the city’s cockerels begin their usual cry, feet running to the foot of the staircase. There’s a thump, thump, thump on the door— not strong or insistent enough to a soldier’s demand to be let in— and then the door opens and there’s a hurried, babbling conversation. I make out a“I don’t believe it!” and I sympathise.</p>
<p>“I know what you mean, legate. I let you back in on the condition you keep your heads down, and before the sun is up you’re drawing the attention of the whole neighbourhood to my inn. I don’t believe it, indeed.”</p>
<p>As I’m getting my robe on, more furious whispering and the door bangs shut, and I hear feet running away from the inn: three or four people this time.</p>
<p>By the time I get to upper room all the provincials are awake and huddled in gossipy debate. I look out the one who took the lead in the night.</p>
<p>“What is it now?!” I don’t mind showing my irritation.</p>
<p>He looks at me, and shakes his head. “It’s the women. They’ve come back with some kind of cock and bull story about Jesus.”</p>
<p>“Jesus?” I ask.</p>
<p>“The rabbi.” Funny. I had never heard his name before then.</p>
<p>“What about him? Still dead, is he?”</p>
<p>“That’s just it,” he says, half-way between smiling and crying. “The women went to his tomb this morning, to finish off the funeral rites. They didn’t have time on Friday, what with Sabbath beginning, and the storm, and the Roman soldiers. They say,”—  he put emphasis on ‘say’— “that when they got to the tomb, the stone was rolled away and the body gone.”</p>
<p>“Gone? Gone where?”</p>
<p>“They don’t know. They just came back here to tell us, and Simon Peter and John have gone to check.”</p>
<p>“Very wise, legate. Sounds like a typical woman’s story to me. Wrong tomb, wrong grave yard, wrong body. Wrong everything. Unless… You haven’t already nicked the body have you? I won’t have graverobbers in my inn!”</p>
<p>“Not us! We couldn’t have anyway. The Governor put a guard on the tomb. We’d never have got passed the soldiers.”</p>
<p>“Soldiers! So where are they now then?”</p>
<p>“I have no idea, but I tell you, unless I see it for myself, I’m not going to believe it. Too much has happened this week for me to get my hopes up.”</p>
<p>Just as he is speaking Big-Lump arrives back, with the Handsome one in tow. They’re out of breath. Big-Lump has woken out of his stupor then.</p>
<p>“They’re right,” he says. “No body there. No guards. Just the grave clothes folded neatly in the corner.”</p>
<p>“And…?” says the one I was speaking to.</p>
<p>“And what, Thomas.”</p>
<p>“Didn’t you look for the Master’s body? Where’s it gone?”</p>
<p>“I have no idea, Thomas. All I can say is that it isn’t there.”</p>
<p>“Peter! You are hopeless! That is no answer.”</p>
<p>All I think is that I am glad the revolution isn’t dependent on this lot. They can’t even keep track of their Master’s body. As the argument develops between the group, some following Thomas and not believing a word of it, others following Peter and John thinking that something, anything, has happened, a woman slowly slips into the room, and stands there. I’m the only one to notice her, at first, but gradually the argument quietens down. She is red in the face, and obviously moved in some way, and equally obviously, trying to keep her emotions under control.</p>
<p>Peter finally notices that everyone else has shut up, and turns to the woman. “Mary. You’re back.”</p>
<p>She catches her breath, and then it all come out. “Peter. He’s alive. I have seen him, almost touched him. He spoke my name. He tells me to tell you all that he is ascending to his Father.”</p>
<p>All this in a room of absolute stillness. She finishes and the silence continues for a moment, and then pandemonium.</p>
<p>“Alive!”</p>
<p>“Don’t be ridiculous!”</p>
<p>“He’s dead, Mary. I saw his body on the tree!”</p>
<p>“There were spears, and nails. Of course, he’s dead!”</p>
<p>“A woman’s witness! What’s that worth!”</p>
<p>In all this, I notice something strange. Mary doesn’t attempt to argue or explain. She doesn’t find more words to describe what happened. She doesn’t join in. She just stands there, as sure as she would’ve been if she had told them that the sun had risen that morning. They could disagree all they liked, but the sun would still have risen, and its light would still be in the sky.</p>
<p>Despite myself, I’m getting involved. I don’t say anything. Rather, I find myself caring. Perhaps this woman is right. Perhaps the Galilean rabbi is alive, risen from the tomb. What would that mean if he has? What would that mean for me? For Jerusalem? What would that mean for the world? As I think these thoughts, such unexpected ideas, I find myself overwhelmed with excitement, no, not excitement, a joy like a meal with good friends and the birth of a child and the wonder of dawn and the songs of a high day in the Temple, all rolled into one. This means everything, I think. If only it were true. If only it wasn’t just a story told by a woman.</p>
<p>And as I think that, the noise of arguing men fades away, and the room grows warm, like the heat of a summer’s morning burning off the dew, and a sweet breeze blows through the stuffy and scruffy upper room, and he stands in the middle of the swirling group, and as I fall to my knees, the light and joy disarms me and all I hear is his voice, saying, promising, bringing: “Peace.”</p>
 <br><div class=’series_toc’><br><h6>This is part of a series of posts. Others in the series are:—</h6><ol><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/21/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-1/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 1'>Does it mean nothing to you, 1</a></li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 2'>Does it mean nothing to you, 2</a></li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 3'>Does it mean nothing to you, 3</a></li><li>Does it mean nothing to you, 4</li></ol></div><br><div class=’series_links’><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 3'>[Previous in series]</a> </div><br>]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Does it mean nothing to you, 3</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Apr 2011 17:00:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Witnesses to the Passover]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[garden tomb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[holy saturday]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=551</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[“It&#8217;s a dirty job”, they usually say. But then they add, “and I’m glad it’s not me that has to do it.” And without a hint of gratitude. No: “and I’m glad that somebody does it”, or even: “and I’m glad that you do it, Bartholomew.” I mean, I don’t expect much in this world, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<br><div class=’series_links’><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 2'>[Previous in series]</a> <a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/24/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-4/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 4'>[Next in series]</a></div><br><p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-553" title="Hans Holbein the Younger The Body of the Dead Christ in the Tomb (1521)" src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Hans-Holbein-the-Younger-The-Body-of-the-Dead-Christ-in-the-Tomb-1521.jpg" alt="" width="100%" /></p>
<p>“It&#8217;s a dirty job”, they usually say. But then they add, “and I’m glad it’s not me that has to do it.” And without a hint of gratitude. No: “and I’m glad that <em>somebody </em>does it”, or even: “and I’m glad that <em>you</em> do it, Bartholomew.” I mean, I don’t expect much in this world, and I know that I live in hard times in a hard land, but just occasionally, it would be good if a little word of thanks could fall like refreshing rain onto my path.</p>
<p>Of course, I know all the reasons why I get ignored in this way. Everybody dies, and no one wants to be reminded of it. Everyone, in the long run, is dead, and nobody wants the long run to be shortened. It’s funny, it’s as if being <em>reminded </em>of death, or coming into <em>contact </em>with death will somehow shorten their lifespan. “That’s not the case,” a Rabbi once told me, with a scarf wrapped around his face in case he forgot to keep away from me. “Being near the dead does not shorten our lives– it just shortens our <em>useful </em>lives. Coming into contact with the dead is a good thing, when we are performing the duties required of us towards our mother and father. But even then, it means that we become ritually impure, and are thus unable to worship God in the way he requires. Cleansing ourselves of such impurity takes times, and that is time away from the study of God’s word, away from worshipping God in synagogue and Temple, away from sacrifice. Life is too short to miss out on the important things.” And then he threw a copper coin at me, and told me to go away in most unrabbinical language.</p>
<p><span id="more-551"></span>So, if you haven’t guessed already, I deal with the dead. A Jew who spends his day among the unclean bodies! I may as well have been a pork butcher. But like I say, someone has to do it, and it may as well be me. Of course, I don’t say that I am a gravedigger (because I’m not), and I’m not like those barking mad Egyptians, with their nose-tools and jars of body bits and wrapping and spells and endless coffins. I like to describe myself as a gardener— I just happen to be a gardener among the tombs. Even the dead like flowers, I sometimes say, but not when anyone is listening. I think that is probably blasphemous. No rabbi I’ve heard of says that there are flowers in Sheol, and the shades of the dead don’t have senses to smell the blooms. But, even so, I have to have something to keep me going.</p>
<p>It’s not that the Tomb-Gardening business is dying out (hah!). It’s a growth business. Everyone dies sooner or later, and with the Romans and the insurrections, it appears that the fashion is for sooner. This used to be a nice quiet quarter of the hill. Well outside the city and above the valley of Gehenna (the hell-hole of the dead, my old dad always used to say). It’s not quite fifty cubits from the city walls, as that old law used to demand, but that’s because the city walls keep moving outwards. However, it was peaceful, and the rock was soft for cutting the tombs into. No pretentious burials here: no mock houses, or palaces, no one thinking they’re Mausolus, or what ever that Persian king was called. Just shelves, in the caves, in the rock, and, if they’re feeling flush, or frightened of grave robbers, then a stone to roll in front. And me outside, keeping the paths swept and the flowers watered and the garden lovely.</p>
<p>That’s how it was. Then the Romans came and decided to do a bit of “urban re-zoning”. This convenient mound just outside the city, with “good sight lines in all directions”, well, that’s ideal for a killing ground. Up with the crosses and the gibbets, and all of a sudden business takes a nose-dive. Who wants to be buried near the Roman crucifixion ground? You’re coming to transfer the bones of your dear mum into an ossuary, and you walk slap into the middle of the execution of twenty zealots. Puts a bit of a damper on the whole day, you might say. That’s why I was grateful to Joseph from Arimathea. A real gent. Old school. His family have used tombs here for generations, and he had reserved one of my nicest new developments for himself. Didn’t mind me letting people know, either. “Oh yes, Joseph of Arimathea will eventually be buried here. You know him? Member of the Sanhedrin? A counsellor? A righteous man. That’s the class we get here.”</p>
<p>Put not your trust in members of the Sanhedrin, as my old dad used to say. Because yesterday, Joseph let me down. The nicest new development, that freshly cut tomb, complete with window slits and a rolling stone that was going to be His Honour’s, got used. And not for Joseph. For an execution burial.</p>
<p>Bit of a rush job, if I’m to be entirely fair. And perhaps Joseph didn’t have much choice, with it being the eve of the Sabbath as well, but why did he make the burial <em>his</em> responsibility. As far as I can tell the dead man wasn’t a member of Joseph’s family. Galilean by all accounts, and not from a good family either. I know that even good families can get caught up in Roman justice, but I don’t think that was the case here. The dead bloke was caught bang to rights. Upset the Sanhedrin and the Romans, simultaneously.</p>
<p>From what I hear, and it is all second and third-hand, there was a bit of a ruckus earlier in the week when he upset the apple-cart in the Temple. No, not a real apple-cart, I mean all the stalls and businesses there. It was Caiaphas’s idea, the old high priest. Tidy up the merchandising of the Temple, clear out the mess, make things more efficient and stream-lined. Get the policies right and the profits will follow. Apparently Caiaphas had decided that the Temple would only accept <em>pre</em>-approved sacrifices. All sacrifices from lambs down to pigeons had to bought from stalls that sold Temple-priest assessed stock. Seems reasonable to me. People used to turn up with some ropey old beasts. Wouldn’t be acceptable for a shepherd’s brothel let alone for sacrifice to the living God. Then there would be ructions, back-and-forths, between the peasant with his mangy dove, who thought it was good enough for Gideon, and the priest who wouldn’t have touched it with a Roman spear. Now under Caiaphas’s plan when people bought the lamb they knew it came with priestly approval. Neat. Tidy. Efficient.</p>
<p>Which was what the Galilean upset. Stalls flying, money rolling, animals squawking, priests shrieking, and him in the middle of it, threatening the Temple’s very existence. Nut job.</p>
<p>The Roman s wouldn’t have liked that anyway. P&amp;Q is their motto: “Peace and Quiet”. ’Cos that leads to “Profits” and “Quotas”. But then the Galilean, or some of his lunatic supporters, started mentioning the “K” word. Now, I’m a tomb gardener, lowest of the low, and even I know that Caesar in his palace in far-off Rome, is the only person who gets to decide who is, or isn’t, a King. Once you start letting any John, Luke or Quintas claim that he is a king, you’ll end up with insurrection and all-out war. And all-out war isn’t good for business. I can’t bury in a day all the bodies that a Roman legion can crucify in an hour. And people tend not to want to pay for burials then.</p>
<p>So between the Temple and the Romans the Galilean’s week was spoiled. Quick arrest, quicker trial, quick execution. All done before the Passover is over, and before the trouble could get out of hand. Say what you like about Annas and Caiaphas, they know how to act quickly. And old whatshisname in the Praetorium, Pilate, he doesn’t muck around either. Bish-bash-bosh, trouble-maker stopped and my nice new tomb filled.</p>
<p>I suppose it is, as my friend Levi says, a cost-benefit analysis. I’ve lost a tomb, and a good family connection to the tomb. That’s cost. On the other hand, the Romans have stopped short of an all-out massacre, which means I can carry on selling tomb spaces, one at a time. That’s benefit.</p>
<p>Oh, and one other thing. For some reason, killing him stone dead wasn’t enough. The Temple and the Praetorium didn’t want the body to disappear either. They’ve posted guards on the tomb. Bit of a slur on my name and reputation. This isn’t the kind of burying ground where the gravediggers sell access rights to graverobbers (and I could mention some by name). Never had a body go missing in fifty years of business. That’s cost. However, Roman soldiers get very thirsty sitting in the sun, and I’ve got rather a nice vintage from Carmel I can sell them. Benefit! I don’t mind working on the Sabbath. As they say, someone has to, and I’m glad it’s me.</p>
<p>Tomorrow will be another matter. The family will come and finish off the burial rites. If they don’t have all the ointments they need, I can always supply what’s missing. And I suppose I’ll be able to have a word with Joseph of Arimathea. I need to know when I’ll get vacant possession of the tomb again.</p>
 <br><div class=’series_toc’><br><h6>This is part of a series of posts. Others in the series are:—</h6><ol><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/21/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-1/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 1'>Does it mean nothing to you, 1</a></li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 2'>Does it mean nothing to you, 2</a></li><li>Does it mean nothing to you, 3</li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/24/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-4/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 4'>Does it mean nothing to you, 4</a></li></ol></div><br><div class=’series_links’><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 2'>[Previous in series]</a> <a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/24/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-4/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 4'>[Next in series]</a></div><br>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Does it mean nothing to you, 2</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Apr 2011 11:00:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Witnesses to the Passover]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[good friday]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[passover]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=543</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Apparently, it’s a holiday. Although, to be honest, most days seem to be a holiday here. And not the sort of decent, joyful, singing-in-the-street sort of holidays we’re used to back home. Here the holidays go on for days at a time, and everyone stays indoors, only emerging to look stroppy and bad-tempered and ready [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<br><div class=’series_links’><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/21/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-1/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 1'>[Previous in series]</a> <a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 3'>[Next in series]</a></div><br><p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-548" title="Jacopo Bellini Crucifixion" src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Jacopo-Bellini-Crucifixion.jpg" alt="" width="100%" /></p>
<p>Apparently, it’s a holiday. Although, to be honest, most days seem to be a holiday here. And not the sort of decent, joyful, singing-in-the-street sort of holidays we’re used to back home. Here the holidays go on for days at a time, and everyone stays indoors, only emerging to look stroppy and bad-tempered and ready for a fight. Too much religion and not enough wine. Something to do with their miserable mountain god, I suppose.</p>
<p>Anyway, I hate holidays in Judea. Holiday for the Jews, double overtime for the soldiers. You never know when the empty streets will suddenly fill, for no apparent reason, with crowds looking to roll-over a legionary. There are forty crosses on a roadside in Galilee which I filled after the last holiday: I know I told the legates it had been an insurrection, and it probably was, but in my book, as soon as a sword or a club or a rock was lifted towards a Roman, I don’t care what the motivation is. I’ve been a centurion for long enough to know that <em>Pax Romana</em> is not concerned with fine distinctions, and neither is the Governor.</p>
<p>But now here I am, in the capital, for the longest and worst holiday of the year. Appropriate, I suppose, for this is the smallest and worst capital in the Empire. Stuck high up on a desert mountain, where water is short and the air is thin, and nights are freezing cold. The olives are wizened and the wine is worse. All in all, I almost prefer being in Britannia. And the crowds!</p>
<p>The whole of Judea is here, and swarms of people from all over the Empire, pouring into the tiny city as if their lives depend on it. And for such a strange religion as well: a cruel and capricious and changeable god (only one!), who makes demand after demand on his people, and never allows them anything in exchange. Such an exclusive god as well. I’m a well-brought up Roman citizen, and I’m perfectly prepared to offer libations at the altar of Mithras and Zoroaster and Toutatis and Lud. But when I arrived in Jerusalem I was told, in no uncertain terms, that I am NOT to go to the Temple, and I am NOT to attempt to pay respects to the Jewish god: “a jealous god” they call him. Psycho, more like.</p>
<p>And now dumped into mopping up duties. Mopping up after another religious-political mess up. A man who claims (or doesn’t claim) to be a holy man; claims (or doesn’t claim) to be a prophet; claims (or doesn’t claim) to be a political leader; claims (or doesn’t claim) to be a rival King to Caesar. Honestly the story isn’t straight, and I don’t think it ever will get straight. Any little respect I might have had for the Jewish religious leaders, and the little respect I have for legates and governors has long gone. The naked pursuit of private agendas is one thing: how else did <em>Pax Romana</em> get to be <em>Pax Romana</em> without it being imposed so decisively? What really annoys me is the incompetence shown by the priests and the Governor. This trouble-maker could’ve been arrested long before the holiday, or he could’ve been “disappeared” until after the crowds dispersed. But a public trial and a public execution on the day before the holiday when the city was at its most volatile? … well! If you want a problem solved, best call the Legion VI Ferrata!</p>
<p>The execution spot, just outside the city walls, is prepared. Golgotha, the Jews called it (barbarous tongue): Calvary to civilized folk. We’ve had executions there regularly, the last three days ago, and the bodies have been taken down this morning. There are four crosses ready, although we’re only going to need three: one for the Galilean political, and two for ordinary criminals— robbers? bandits? something like that. The next problem to sort out is getting to the execution ground. The streets between the Governor’s palace, the Antonia, and the nearest gate to Calvary are narrow, and bound to be crowded. Short swords might be needed, but clubs will be more effective for close-up work. Better make sure that the detail are issued with them. I’ll pick up the execution party (party! Great name for it!) at the Antonia, and lead them through. Should I ride? No, that’s foolhardy in these streets. I’ll have more control on foot. Easier to get to miscreants at their level.</p>
<p>The robbers are not pleased to see me: one swears, one cries. The “political” says nothing, and just stands there. Is he too dazed to know what is going on? His face and back are certainly streaked with blood and bruising. Let’s see when I order them to shoulder the cross-bars. Hmm… he’s looking around him, like he’s examining the guards who will accompany him to Calvary. He knows what’s going on. More than that: he thinks he’s in control. He’ll learn soon enough.</p>
<p>The streets are tumultuous, but there doesn’t seem to be any resistance. In fact, the crowds are out to jeer at the prisoners. That’s unusual. Jews don’t normally take against the subjects of Roman justice like this. A man could be a rapist and a murderer, but if he was being killed by Roman law, then he immediately turns into a hero for the crowds. But I know enough Aramaic to recognise an insult when I hear one. Ugh! And the air is filled with curses and spit. “Watch it, you! Improve your aim if you don’t want to end up on a cross!”. Better keep a close eye on the political. No reaction. He’s staggering under the weight of the cross bar, banging its outstretched ends into walls and corners and people. But he’s not answering back. His eyes are focussed on the man ahead of him. Sometimes he’s looking into the crowd, like he’s looking for someone in particular. He’s not going to find them, not in this mob. They are always disappointed. No rescue crew coming. He still hasn’t said a word, though. Nice quiet prisoner.</p>
<p>There’s space to breathe outside the city walls, and the air is fresher. Fresh enough for a rain storm? Dammit. I wish I’d brought my long winter cloak. I’m going to get soaked through on this exposed hill waiting for the prisoners to die. I’m going to get a brazier and break their legs after four hours if they aren’t dead by then. No point in prolonging my inconvenience.</p>
<p>Strip the prisoners naked, throw them to the ground, lay them upon their cross bars in front of the uprights we’ve already fixed into the ground. Arms stretched out. Legionaries! Get those nails in! Hope the cross-bars haven’t been used too many times before. Sometimes it’s hard for the nails to grip in stained and splintered wood as they go through the prisoners’ wrists. Two of the three cry out. Ah! A grimace of pain from the political! Still alive then, and not drugged out his suffering by some friendly supporter. Thread the ropes through the hooks on the back of the cross bars and over more hooks on the tops of the stake. Drag the prisoners upright. Pull them to the tops of the stakes. No, I don’t care if their bodies dangle in the air for a bit whilst you get things sorted, legionary! You’ve made sure their arms are tied to the cross bar as well? I don’t want them dying of suffocation too quickly. That always happens if it’s just nails. The people need to see Roman justice, and that takes time.</p>
<p>All three prisoners make it to the cross alive. Practice and professionalism! Final nails into the feet! Push their legs up into a crouch. Just enough purchase to lift their bodies up when they feel their lungs being crushed. Longer to die, and longer to bring the message home to the people about Roman justice.</p>
<p>One last job for the political. Get me a ladder against the political’s cross. Climbing up, I can see the crowds, a decent, and safe distance away. Hand me the <em>titulus</em>. No, that wooden board. A last nail to fix it above the political’s head. “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews”. So that’s his name. Some Jewish VIPs shout at me as I climb down the ladder: “You can’t put that up there!” “Speak to Pilate.” “But, he’s not our king!” “Speak to Pilate.” “Put ‘He said he was king of the Jews’”. “Speak to Pilate. And don’t speak to me again.” This last with my hand on my sword. They shut up.</p>
<p>Not for long though. They turn their attention to the political. Abuse and curses and religious language, I suppose, though I have no idea what most of it means. They must really hate him. The political says nothing for a long while. The screaming continues until one of the robbers joins in as well. Even on a cross you can find someone worse off than yourself. Eventually the political opens his mouth. Finally! “Father, forgive”! In barely a whisper. It stops the abuse for the moment. Everyone looks slightly bemused, as if surprised to find themselves where they are, in a boneyard, screaming at dying men.</p>
<p>The sky’s clouded over. The storm is coming. Good job I ordered that brazier. Three of the lads are playing dice in its warmth. The crowds have thinned now, sensibly enough. The political isn’t going anywhere. Two people remain, standing as close to the cordon of soldiers as they dare. The political is speaking to them, a man and an older woman. Something about looking after each other. You should’ve thought about your will before you got into trouble, sonny.</p>
<p>One of the robbers has already died. The other is close to it. A hour inside my timetable. Good job too, because it’s now as dark as pitch, and the rain is lashing down. Only the political is still going, pushing himself up on his nailed feet, stretching towards the heavens. “I have finished…” (true enough, sonny). “Father, into your hands, I commit my spirit.” And then the political shudders, and dies.</p>
<p>That’s odd. What’s was that all about? Have I missed something in all the events of the day. Perhaps, all in all, this man really was righteous? Even so, righteous or not, he’s dead.</p>
<p>Thank the gods that was over. Mopping up successfully accomplished. Time to get the body down before sunset. Let the relatives have him, and then we can forget all about him. I wonder if the water is hot in the barrack bath house?</p>
 <br><div class=’series_toc’><br><h6>This is part of a series of posts. Others in the series are:—</h6><ol><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/21/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-1/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 1'>Does it mean nothing to you, 1</a></li><li>Does it mean nothing to you, 2</li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 3'>Does it mean nothing to you, 3</a></li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/24/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-4/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 4'>Does it mean nothing to you, 4</a></li></ol></div><br><div class=’series_links’><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/21/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-1/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 1'>[Previous in series]</a> <a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 3'>[Next in series]</a></div><br>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Strange Friday</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/strange-friday/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/strange-friday/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Apr 2011 07:53:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crucifixion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[good friday]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=550</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[How many ways can we find to explain, rationalise, rationalise away, the crucifixion? Strange way to start a revolution Strange way to get a better tan Strange way to hold a power breakfast Strange way to show your business plan Strange way to test if wood would splinter Strange way to do performance art Strange [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/-vFiFoce5Dw&amp;color1=0xb1b1b1&amp;color2=0xcfcfcf&amp;hl=en&amp;feature=player_embedded&amp;fs=1" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="425" height="344" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/-vFiFoce5Dw&amp;color1=0xb1b1b1&amp;color2=0xcfcfcf&amp;hl=en&amp;feature=player_embedded&amp;fs=1" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<p><span id="more-550"></span></p>
<p>How many ways can we find to explain, rationalise, rationalise <em>away</em>, the crucifixion?</p>
<blockquote><p>Strange way to start a revolution<br />
Strange way to get a better tan<br />
Strange way to hold a power breakfast<br />
Strange way to show your business plan</p>
<p>Strange way to test if wood would splinter<br />
Strange way to do performance art<br />
Strange way to say &#8216;I&#8217;ll see you later&#8217;<br />
Strange way to leave behind your heart</p>
<p><em>Strange dissident of meekness<br />
And nurse of tangled souls<br />
And so unlike the holy<br />
To end up full of holes<br />
It&#8217;s a strange way</em></p>
<p>Strange way to hang around for hours<br />
Strange way to imitate a kite<br />
Strange way to get a view of Auschwitz<br />
Strange way to represent the light</p>
<p>Strange way to watch for stormy weather<br />
Strange way to disprove gravity<br />
Strange way to go around fund-raising<br />
Strange way to sing &#8216;l am liberty&#8217;</p>
<p><em>Strange dissident of meekness<br />
And nurse of tangled souls<br />
And so unlike the holy<br />
To end up full of holes<br />
Strange way</em></p>
<p>Strange way to test for haemophilia<br />
Strange way to spend a happy hour<br />
Strange way to down a bitter cocktail<br />
Strange way to merchandise your power</p>
<p>Strange way to reassure your mother<br />
Strange way to finish your world tour<br />
Strange way to pose for countless paintings<br />
Strange way to gather in the poor</p>
<p><em>Strange dissident of meekness<br />
And nurse of tangled souls<br />
And so unlike the holy<br />
To end up full of holes<br />
Strange way</em></p>
<p>The world is too much with us<br />
Could we not now just elope?<br />
Strange way to hold us closer<br />
Strange way to give us hope<br />
Strange way&#8230;</p></blockquote>
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		<title>Does it mean nothing to you, 1</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/21/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-1/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/21/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-1/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Apr 2011 18:30:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Witnesses to the Passover]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[passover]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[triduum]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=540</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I bloody hate holidays, me. Everyone asks, every year, &#8220;what you doing for Passover?&#8221; &#8220;Celebrating passover with anyone nice this year?&#8221; &#8220;Who’s hosting your passover meal for you this year?&#8221; “The usual”; “No”; “Me” are my standard answers. Passover doesn’t mean holidays for innkeepers. Passover means extra work, ungrateful clients, absent servants, inflated prices that [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<br><div class=’series_links’> <a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 2'>[Next in series]</a></div><br><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-547" title="Andrea Del Castagno Last Supper (1447)" src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Andrea-Del-Castagno-Last-Supper-14471.jpg" alt="" width="100%" /></p>
<p>I bloody hate holidays, me. Everyone asks, every year, &#8220;what you doing for Passover?&#8221; &#8220;Celebrating passover with anyone nice this year?&#8221; &#8220;Who’s hosting your passover meal for you this year?&#8221; “The usual”; “No”; “Me” are my standard answers. Passover doesn’t mean holidays for innkeepers. Passover means extra work, ungrateful clients, absent servants, inflated prices that I can’t pass on to the ungrateful customers, and crowds, crowds, crowds.</p>
<p>I mean, look at what happened yesterday. She had gone again. Whatsherface? Tabitha. Takes off every high day and holy day, and leaves me to do the women’s work, the servant’s work. If we’re going to hire the rooms for the provincials’ passover parties then the rooms need to be cleaned. Even Galileans can tell when a room hasn’t been swept, and Galileans especially would take that as a reason for a discount. So rooms need to be cleaned, and brooms need to be used and water needs to be fetched. Women’s work, servant’s work. And then Tabitha disappears again, and I have to go to the well to fetch the water. Honestly, if I hadn’t got all those bookings, I wouldn’t have bothered. The grief I get from the neighbours! “Here comes the dancing girl!” “Give us a drink, love!”. I’ll give you a bloody drink!</p>
<p>So there I am, on the third trip back from well, with that enormous jar under my arms (how do women manage them on their heads),when up comes creeping two of the Galileans, all cloak and dagger, like, as if they were on some secret mission. And they were pathetically obvious. Provincials, with their scruffy clothes and worse accents.</p>
<p>“The Teacher says…”, they start. “Teacher? What teacher?” says I, knowing full well that it’s the Galilean rabbi who made the booking three days ago. (Rabbi? Another nutter, more like). But they have to go through the whole “on his majesty’s imperial secret service” routine. “The teacher wishes to know where is the guest room.” “Oh”, says I, thinking to have some fun. “And the screech owl hoots in the valley of the tombs,” and gesture to them to give the pass-code. The look on their faces! Pure panic!“Don’t worry, legates. I know who the teacher is, and I know where his booking is. Come with me. Lovely room, freshly swept, ideal for intimate Passovers for family and friends. Good times guaranteed. When Elijah comes, these are the rooms he’ll use for his Passover”. Honestly, like shooting fish in a barrel. No sense of humour, Galileans.</p>
<p>So along they come, and sniff out the room, like they’ve ever seen anything better, mutter things about “the teacher’s place at table” and “away from the scribes”, still playing the frumentarii secret service nonsense. And then they hang around, getting under my feet, all afternoon, as I boil the eggs, and lay out the plates and cups, and roast the lamb, and pour the wine in the jars around the room. “We’ll need more wine”, they say. “More?” says I. “How many cups of the Passover do you propose to drink tonight? The usual twenty-three?” “There are only four cups of the Passover,” says the big one, a lumpen fool if I ever saw one. “But there will be thirteen or more of us for the meal”. More wine it is then.</p>
<p>And then, as it gets dark, the rest of them turn up, more <em>frumentarii</em> secret service nonsense. This time literally cloak and daggers: some are packing ironmongery under their travelling cloaks and I think to myself, “Great. Legions every where and no weapons in the city, and I’ve got the Maccabees Brothers’ reunion Passover happening in my rooms!” The Teacher turns up, and then I remember why I didn’t like him when I took the booking earlier in the week. It’s the same bloke who encouraged all that fuss the day after the Sabbath: donkeys, colts, branches and shouting. The holidays are bad enough without adding street theatre to it as well. People’s tempers are short enough without angering the Temple guards and the Roman soldiers. Typical drippy Galilean rabbi: all sweet smiles until something annoys him, and then its cursing fig trees and condemning pigs. Thank God Passover is over in a night; at least I haven’t got them for a week of Tabernacles.So in comes drippy rabbi, and he immediately starts changing things and ordering people around. I’m standing there, holding the water and the towel (and biting my tongue in best servile manner), and he nicks them off me and starts washing his guests’ feet. It’s that kind of inverted snobbery I can’t stand. I’m the most important person in this room, and to make sure you all know it, I’m going to take the servant’s job from him and ostentatiously do the foot-washing.<br />
Big-Lump objects, and at first I think he’s brighter than he looks. You’re being called out on your inverted snobbery, Rabbi, thinks I, but then I realise that Big-Lump just doesn’t get it either. Big-Lump thinks he should be doing the washing. What about the servants! I want to shout. If we don’t wash you, we don’t get the tips. Are you planning to roast the lamb as well. Don’t suppose you’ll get into a fight about the washing-up, will you?</p>
<p>So they get the foot-washing sorted out, and there’s a sort of embarrass pause as they all realise what the Boss has done, and then they’re back into squabbling mode, trying to get a cushion closest to the boss at the top table. Handsome  wins, and sits at Boss’s right hand. The rest settle themselves discontentedly. As they are doing so, one of the guests, the one with the money satchel, catches my eye. He raises an eyebrow and gives me a quick grin. Yeah, you’re a sharp cookie, thinks I. You know what’s going on.<br />
So the meal starts and carries on in the usual way, and I’m rushed off my feet serving wine, because these Galileans are thirsty chaps, and they drink the four cups of Passover, and five or six cups of greed between. I’m going to have to change my pricing scheme for next year: I can’t afford all-inclusive rates. And as I rushing in I realise that the Rabbi is doing his own version of Passover. It’s not just good old Moses stuff, but he’s giving his own commentary, his own explanations. Worse than that, he’s inserting himself into the stories: “<em><strong>I</strong></em> have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before <em><strong>I</strong></em> suffer”; “this is <em><strong>my </strong></em>blood of the covenant”; “Do this in remembrance of <em><strong>me</strong></em>.” I don’t know about you, but I happen to thing that if it was good enough for Moses then it was good enough for me. I don’t hold with new-fangled mucking with the Passover.</p>
<p>And then the wine started to have its effect, and the Boss started getting testy with his guests. Something about “betrayal” and “hands raised against me”. Ah, thinks I, divide and conquer. And, of course, an argument breaks out, with Big-Lump denying stuff and Handsome whispering questions and Boss handing out bits of bread and making pointed remarks. Honestly, people forget that servants are there, and that we hear everything.</p>
<p>So Boss hands a bit of bread to the wry guest I shared a grin with earlier, and mutters something to him, and wry guest grabs his satchel and stumbles his way to the door. Most of the rest of them are too bleary-eyed to notice, but I do. I go to the door just as Wry Guest gets there. I decide to be helpful, as he was the only one of the whole lot I liked. “Can I get you, anything Master?” He looks distracted, and fiddles inside his satchel, before looking up at me. “Um.. No.. Thanks. No, I’ve just got to.. Do an errand or something.” “Well let me get the door for you, in any case.” And I open the door, helpfully, for him, and let him out in the night air. My goodness, but it’s dark. As if Jerusalem has never heard of lanterns. He stumbles off into the darkness, and I shout, cheerily after him “Thank you for your custom! See you again, I hope!” And he waves a hand as he disappears.</p>
<p>It’s what I call the “destruction of the temple” stage of the evening. Everything is eaten, and most everything is drunk. The story (with additions!) has been told, and there’s not much left to do but sleep it all off, and wait for the quiet of the Sabbath the next day. But Boss-Rabbi is hassling his guests once more, and they are all looking for sandals and cloaks (and the swords they have hidden in them).</p>
<p>“Are you going anywhere, Master?” I politely ask, without a bit of irritation. “We wish to continue our worship elsewhere,” he replies. “We don’t wish to disturb you or your neighbours. Or be disturbed. We will leave. Did Judas settle the account?” “Judas?” I ask. “The disciple who left.” “No. Not yet. But I trust him. He can pay me in the morning. He looks like a reliable man with money.” Just a harrumph from the Boss. I don’t know why I bother trying to compliment anyone.I open the door, and they all sweep out, most unsteadily, into the night, Boss, Big-Lump and Handsome in the lead. The others launch, a bit uncertainly, into a hymn as they go. A rather wobbly hymn, to be honest. It would be better once they sober up a bit.</p>
<p>“Good night! Good night! Happy Passover! A peaceful Sabbath to you all! And perhaps next year in Galilee!” (I added that last bit under my breath– I don’t want them back, but I don’t want to lose the custom).</p>
<p>Eventually, before midnight, they’re gone. What a relief. I can’t tell you how glad I am, and I hope I don’t see them again. I have no idea why that nice man Judas hangs around with them. Perhaps I’ll be able to share a cup of wine with him when he pays the bill in the morning.</p>
<p>In the meantime, without Tabitha, the clearing up is left to me. That’s the worst thing about holidays.</p>
 <br><div class=’series_toc’><br><h6>This is part of a series of posts. Others in the series are:—</h6><ol><li>Does it mean nothing to you, 1</li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 2'>Does it mean nothing to you, 2</a></li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/23/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-3/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 3'>Does it mean nothing to you, 3</a></li><li><a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/24/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-4/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 4'>Does it mean nothing to you, 4</a></li></ol></div><br><div class=’series_links’> <a href='http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/04/22/does-it-mean-nothing-to-you-2/' title='Does it mean nothing to you, 2'>[Next in series]</a></div><br>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>The Italian Crucifix Case and Judicial Wisdom</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/24/the-italian-crucifix-case-and-judicial-wisdom/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/24/the-italian-crucifix-case-and-judicial-wisdom/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Mar 2011 12:25:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ECHR]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[references]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wikipedia]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=529</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The &#8220;Italian Crucifix&#8221; case (LAUTSI AND OTHERS v. ITALY) has now been decided at the European Court of Human Rights Grand Chamber. I won&#8217;t comment on the merits of the case, or the merits of the judgement— others have done so, here, here and here— but rather I just want to do a disturbing fact [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The &#8220;Italian Crucifix&#8221; case (<a href="http://cmiskp.echr.coe.int/tkp197/view.asp?action=html&amp;documentId=883169&amp;portal=hbkm&amp;source=externalbydocnumber&amp;table=F69A27FD8FB86142BF01C1166DEA398649">LAUTSI AND OTHERS v. ITALY</a>) has now been decided at the European Court of Human Rights Grand Chamber. I won&#8217;t comment on the merits of the case, or the merits of the judgement— others have done so, <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/andrewbrown/2011/mar/23/religion-secularism-echr-islam-christianity">here</a>, <a href="http://religionlaw.blogspot.com/2011/03/italian-crucifix-case-grand-chamber.html">here </a>and <a href="http://strasbourgobservers.com/2011/03/22/lautsi-v-italy-the-argument-from-neutrality/">here</a>— but rather I just want to do a disturbing fact about Judge Bonello&#8217;s concurring opinion.</p>
<p><a href="http://f1plus.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20100917/local/european-court-pays-tribute-to-near-legendary-maltese-judge"><img class="alignright" title="Judge Bonello (from The Times of Malta)" src="http://f1plus.timesofmalta.com/media/serve/20100917--101419-loc_04.jpg" alt="" width="300" align="right" /></a>In a wise and wide-ranging disquisition on the development of cultural norms, the difference between &#8220;secularism&#8221; and &#8220;freedom of religion&#8221;, and the meaning of &#8220;teaching&#8221; (as opposed to &#8220;indoctrination&#8221;), Judge Bonello concludes with &#8220;An Aside&#8221;. He mentions how the Court was once asked to judge on the pornographic intention and/or effect of Guillaume Apollinaire&#8217;s novel<em> Les onze mille verges </em>(the case was brought by the Turkish government). While recognizing that Apollinaire&#8217;s novel <em>was </em> pornographic, the Court defended its place within the European cultural tradition. Fair enough— but Judge Bonello&#8217;s authority was whether the novel was pornographic was WIKIPEDIA (which definition he helpfully footnotes!<sup><a href="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/24/the-italian-crucifix-case-and-judicial-wisdom/#footnote_0_529" id="identifier_0_529" class="footnote-link footnote-identifier-link" title="Footnote 3 &amp;#8220;Wikipedia classifies this work as &ldquo;a pornographic novel&rdquo; in which the author &ldquo;explores all aspects of sexuality: sadism alternates with masochism; ondinism/scatophilia with vampirism; paedophilia with genrontophilia; masturbation with group sex; lesbianism with homosexuality &amp;#8230; the novel exudes an infernal joy&rdquo;.&amp;#8221;">1</a></sup>)</p>
<p>Wikipedia determining cultural and moral judgements in the European Court! I suppose it is one step up above<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobellis_v._Ohio"> Justice Stewart&#8217;s authorities and references in the same question</a>— but not much!<sup><a href="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/24/the-italian-crucifix-case-and-judicial-wisdom/#footnote_1_529" id="identifier_1_529" class="footnote-link footnote-identifier-link" title="Oh, and by the way, the link is ironically deliberate!">2</a></sup></p>
<ol class="footnotes"><li id="footnote_0_529" class="footnote"><a href="http://cmiskp.echr.coe.int/tkp197/view.asp?action=html&amp;documentId=883169&amp;portal=hbkm&amp;source=externalbydocnumber&amp;table=F69A27FD8FB86142BF01C1166DEA398649">Footnote 3</a> &#8220;Wikipedia classifies this work as “a pornographic novel” in which the author “explores all aspects of sexuality: sadism alternates with masochism; ondinism/scatophilia with vampirism; paedophilia with genrontophilia; masturbation with group sex; lesbianism with homosexuality &#8230; the novel exudes an infernal joy”.&#8221;</li><li id="footnote_1_529" class="footnote">Oh, and by the way, the link is ironically deliberate!</li></ol>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Lent, an idea, and an action</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/09/lent-an-idea-and-an-action/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/09/lent-an-idea-and-an-action/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Mar 2011 12:30:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ash wednesday]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lent]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=525</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[On Sunday 15 September, 1963, just at the end of Sunday school and just as the main Sunday service was about to start, a bomb warning was telephoned in to the Sixteenth Street Baptist church of Birmingham, Alabama. The congregation were given less than three minutes warning. When the bomb exploded, four children were killed: [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.eyefetch.com/image.aspx?ID=303939"><img class=" alignright" title="John Petts's Window in the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church" src="http://img1.eyefetch.com/p/bw/303939-d61aa816-5d2f-452a-ab71-888d209f652b.jpg" alt="John Petts's Window in the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church (h/t Eye Fetch)" width="200" height="217" align="right" /></a></p>
<p>On Sunday 15 September, 1963, just at the end of Sunday school and just as the main Sunday service was about to start, a bomb warning was telephoned in to the Sixteenth  Street Baptist church of Birmingham, Alabama. The congregation were given less than three minutes warning. When the bomb exploded, four children were killed: Cynthia Wesley, Carole Robertson and Addie Mae Collins, all 14, and Denise McNair, aged 11. They had all been standing near a mirror, brushing their hair and adjusting their white dresses. Of course, all four girls, like the rest of the church congregation were black. The bombing had been perpetrated by a faction of the Ku Klux Klan in Alabama. It took fourteen years before the first of the bombers, Robert Chambliss, was arrested; 37 years before Thomas Blanton, was jailed, and Frank Cherry wasn’t convicted until 2002.</p>
<p>The atrocity was reported throughout the world, and, perhaps surprisingly, in the small Carmarthenshire village of Llansteffan, a man decided to do something about it. He was John Petts, an artist. Many years later he recalled: “Naturally, as a father, I was horrified by the death of the children. As a craftsman in a meticulous craft, I was horrified by the smashing of all those stained-glass windows. And I thought to myself, my word, what can we do about this?”</p>
<p>Petts’s idea was to set up a fund to replace the windows of the Sixteenth Street Baptist church, a fund to which the maximum contribution could be half a crown: “We don’t want some rich man as a gesture paying the whole window. We want it to be given by the people of Wales.”</p>
<p>The idea took on a life of its own, and money flowed in. There were pictures in the local and national press of children, black and white, queuing to hand their pocket money over. But what form should the window take? Petts puzzled about this:</p>
<blockquote><p>Then it struck him. A verse from <a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew+25%3A40&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="bibleref" title="NRSV Matthew 25:40">Matthew 25:40</a><a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew+25%3A40&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="scripturizer_newwindow" title="Open this passage in a new browser window" target="_new"><img src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/plugins/the-holy-scripturizer/new-window.gif" alt="Open Link in New Window" /></a> that spelt out the Christian message of brotherly love: “Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me.” Petts employed the last refrain: “You do it me”. Once the words were in place, the image followed. The window was installed in 1965. It showed a black figure, his chest thrust out and arms outstretched as though on a crucifix, the right one pushing away hatred and injustice, the left offering forgiveness. A rainbow, representing racial diversity, arcs over the head. Christ. As a black man. In the South. In the 60s.<sup><a href="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/09/lent-an-idea-and-an-action/#footnote_0_525" id="identifier_0_525" class="footnote-link footnote-identifier-link" title="from Gary Younge &ldquo;American civil rights: the Welsh connection&rdquo; www.guardian.co.uk p12 of the G2 section of the Guardian on Monday 7 March 2011 http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2011/mar/06/racist-attack-alabama-1963-gary-younge">1</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<p>The most impressive thing about the whole story is Petts’s justification for what he did:<br />
An idea doesn’t exist unless you do something about it. Thought has no real living meaning unless it’s followed by action of some kind.</p>
<p>There is a profound triviality about the way in which most Christians approach Lent: observing the holy season is limited to questions of “What I’m going to give up”, and discussions of what you couldn’t bear to live without— chocolate, beer, or Facebook. Every time this conversation takes place, the devil wins, because it is part of the devil’s always successful approach to human sinfulness and fallenness: make it a bit of a joke.</p>
<p>The Church has long recognized the way in which humanity’s fallen nature gets in the way of us taking our fallen nature seriously. This way the Church has developed practices, customs, disciplines, that allow us to do what is right without letting our selfish and lazy selves get in the way. Lent is the time in which the ascetism of the Christian life is most clearly expressed. To live an ascetic life, which is to say, to live a disciplined Christian life, means to take seriously the three-fold practices of almsgiving, prayer and fasting described in the Ash Wednesday Gospel (<a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matt+6%3A1-18&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="bibleref" title="NRSV Matt 6:1-18">Matt 6:1-18</a><a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matt+6%3A1-18&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="scripturizer_newwindow" title="Open this passage in a new browser window" target="_new"><img src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/plugins/the-holy-scripturizer/new-window.gif" alt="Open Link in New Window" /></a>). This three-fold practice covers all the bases, in a Christian ‘triangle’:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>praye</em>r means focussing on God</li>
<li><em>almsgiving</em> means focussing on others;</li>
<li>only <em>fasting</em> focuses on yourself.</li>
</ul>
<p>How can these three disciplines be the antidote to human fallenness? Let’s take them in reverse order:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>Fasting </em>means that we recognize our true needs, and don’t confuse “want” with “need”. It helps us to align ourselves away from thinking “Go on, you’re worth it”, and towards our commitments and relationships.</li>
<li>This outward commitment is continued in <em>Almsgiving</em>. This is not just “giving money to charity” (although that is good and necessary, for your and for the charities). Almsgiving is any practice of loving compassion and justice-making. It helps us to admit to our standing in the world and demonstrates what we truly value— not our possessions, reputation and achievement, but our involvement with others.</li>
<li><em>Prayer</em>, which includes all the other “acts of the virtue of religion”— adoration, devotion, sacrifice, study and meditation— sustains our relationship with God and helps us understand fully what it means to say that it is in God we live and move and have our being (<a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts+17%3A28&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="bibleref" title="NRSV Acts 17:28">Acts 17:28</a><a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts+17%3A28&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="scripturizer_newwindow" title="Open this passage in a new browser window" target="_new"><img src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/plugins/the-holy-scripturizer/new-window.gif" alt="Open Link in New Window" /></a>).</li>
</ul>
<p>In Lent we undertake these disciplines in the hope that the benefits they bring will take deeper root in our hearts and lives. It is important that we observe all three, for only then are we living within the reality identified by Jesus in the great commandment: you must love the Lord your God, and your neighbour as yourself.<sup><a href="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/03/09/lent-an-idea-and-an-action/#footnote_1_525" id="identifier_1_525" class="footnote-link footnote-identifier-link" title="based on the wonderful injunction from the Godzdogz blog:&nbsp;http://godzdogz.op.org/">2</a></sup></p>
<p>John Petts said:</p>
<blockquote><p>An idea doesn’t exist unless you do something about it. Thought has no real living meaning unless it’s followed by action of some kind.</p></blockquote>
<p>Lent doesn’t exist unless you do something about it.<br />
Your Christian faith had no real living meaning unless it’s expressed by action of some kind.</p>
<p>To follow a holy Lent, a Lent in which the ascetic practices of the Church are taken seriously, gives you an opportunity to do this, to live as a disciple of Christ, and not as a hypocrite. God give us strength and grace to do so.</p>
<ol class="footnotes"><li id="footnote_0_525" class="footnote">from Gary Younge “American civil rights: the Welsh connection” www.guardian.co.uk p12 of the G2 section of the Guardian on Monday 7 March 2011 http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2011/mar/06/racist-attack-alabama-1963-gary-younge</li><li id="footnote_1_525" class="footnote">based on the wonderful injunction from the Godzdogz blog: <a href="http://godzdogz.op.org/">http://godzdogz.op.org/</a></li></ol>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Grateful to the Beaker Folk</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/02/28/grateful-to-the-beaker-folk/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/02/28/grateful-to-the-beaker-folk/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 28 Feb 2011 11:04:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=521</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I have just discovered that 3 Minute Theologian is one of the people that the Beaker Folk &#8220;light a tea light for&#8221;. I&#8217;m pleasantly grateful, seeing as the Beaker Folk are some of the people that I shamelessly rip off for witty quips and asides in my teaching and preaching! That&#8217;s karmically balanced, isn&#8217;t it?]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have just discovered that 3 Minute Theologian is one of the people that the <a href="http://cyber-coenobites.blogspot.com">Beaker Folk</a> &#8220;light a tea light for&#8221;. I&#8217;m pleasantly grateful, seeing as the Beaker Folk are some of the people that I shamelessly rip off for witty quips and asides in my teaching and preaching!</p>
<p>That&#8217;s karmically balanced, isn&#8217;t it?</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Teaching as though it weren&#8217;t the Apocalypse</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/02/01/teaching-as-though-it-werent-the-apocalypse/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/02/01/teaching-as-though-it-werent-the-apocalypse/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Feb 2011 11:34:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pedagogy]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=517</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Note to self (and note to others): Mark 13:11 is not a pedagogical strategy — although it is amazing the number of Christian educators who seem to think it is. Fraser Dyer, live-reflecting on a POT conference in London Diocese, noted some of the more common solipisms, infelicities, and downright complacencies in Christian education today: [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Note to self (and note to others):</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark+13%3A11&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="bibleref" title="NRSV Mark 13:11">Mark 13:11</a><a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark+13%3A11&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="scripturizer_newwindow" title="Open this passage in a new browser window" target="_new"><img src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/plugins/the-holy-scripturizer/new-window.gif" alt="Open Link in New Window" /></a> is not a pedagogical strategy</strong> — although it is amazing the number of Christian educators who seem to think it is.</p>
<p>Fraser Dyer, live-reflecting on a POT conference in London Diocese, noted some of the more common solipisms, infelicities, and downright complacencies in Christian education today:</p>
<ul>
<li>&#8220;I didn&#8217;t really know anything about this until I read a marvellous little book on the subject&#8230;&#8221; [<a href="http://twitter.com/#!/fraserdyer/status/30697438289330176">here</a>]</li>
<li>&#8220;This just occurred to me over breakfast so might be a bit unstructured&#8230;&#8221;. It was. [<a href="http://twitter.com/#!/fraserdyer/status/30651689799258112">here</a>]</li>
<li>What hope that new clergy can understand their role as teachers when on the receiving end of such bad practice in adult education? [<a href="http://twitter.com/#!/fraserdyer/status/30590926904623104">here</a>]</li>
</ul>
<p>In the &#8220;Little Apocalypse&#8221; of <a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark+13&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="bibleref" title="NRSV Mark 13">Mark 13</a><a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark+13&amp;vnum=yes&amp;version=nrsv" class="scripturizer_newwindow" title="Open this passage in a new browser window" target="_new"><img src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/plugins/the-holy-scripturizer/new-window.gif" alt="Open Link in New Window" /></a> (and parallels) Jesus&#8217;s predicts the coming troubles, and tells his disciples how to prepare for their trial. In short— don&#8217;t:</p>
<blockquote><p>When they bring you to trial and hand you over, do not worry beforehand about what you are to say; but say whatever is given you at that time, for it is not you who speak, but the Holy Spirit. [<a href="http://bible.oremus.org/?ql=163555843">Mark 13:11</a>]</p></blockquote>
<p>This was teaching for a specific time and place and for a specific purpose: the Christian church was not to think its Truth was based upon the same ontological grounds of every other philosophy in the Roman-Hellenist world: great logic, better rhetoric, fantastic allusions, clever preparation. Jesus was teaching his disciples that, in the time of trial, the Truthfulness of their witness would be best represented by their absolute and unconditional reliance upon the Holy Spirit— in effect: &#8220;I am a Christian, O magistrate, not because of the clever arguments of the philosophers, but because of the moral and ethical imperative of the One whom you crucified&#8221;.</p>
<p>This is all well and good. But to draw some kind of analogy between the specific context and purpose of the Little Apocalypse and today&#8217;s Christian education? What arrant arrogance! The number of times I have witnessed a speaker find a (random) verse from the Bible and then proceed to free-form over, around, under, beneath and upon it. Christian education is not, and ought not to be, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deejaying">MC toasting</a>. The scribe should be able to draw out from his or her scrip teachings old and new, and teachings which have been <em>thought about</em>!</p>
<p>In the meantime, beginning to speak to an audience, assembled to hear your words, without having prepared before hand is just to say &#8220;I didn&#8217;t have time to do this properly, because Jesus is coming&#8221;!</p>
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		<title>Just playing the notes</title>
		<link>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/01/31/just-playing-the-notes/</link>
		<comments>http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/01/31/just-playing-the-notes/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Jan 2011 23:13:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Lewis-Anthony</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[3MT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[beethoven]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[interpretation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tradition]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/?p=510</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In 1945 the American Military Occupation in Japan invited the distinguished conductor Richard Franko Goldman to visit the country and conduct some highly skilled Japanese orchestras. At first rehearsal he began to conduct the orchestra in Beethoven&#8217;s &#8220;Egmont Overture&#8221;. After five minutes he stopped the rehearsal, horrified. &#8220;What was the matter?&#8221; asked a later colleague. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.life.com/image/50879051"><img class="size-medium wp-image-516" title="JapaneseBand" src="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/JapaneseBand-300x235.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="235" align="right" /></a>In 1945 the American Military Occupation in Japan invited the distinguished conductor Richard Franko Goldman to visit the country and conduct some highly skilled Japanese orchestras. At first rehearsal he began to conduct the orchestra in Beethoven&#8217;s &#8220;Egmont Overture&#8221;. After five minutes he stopped the rehearsal, horrified. &#8220;What was the matter?&#8221; asked a later colleague. &#8220;They were just playing the notes.&#8221;<sup><a href="http://3minutetheologian.org.uk/blog/2011/01/31/just-playing-the-notes/#footnote_0_510" id="identifier_0_510" class="footnote-link footnote-identifier-link" title="The anecdote in related in H. C. Robbins Landon, Haydn: The Years of &amp;#8216;The Creation&amp;#8217;, 1796-1800, Haydn: Chronicles and Works 5 (London: Thames and Hudson, 1977). p. 396">1</a></sup></p>
<p>It&#8217;s an interesting idea. Following the score accurately and skilfully isn&#8217;t enough. To produce music-in-sound worthy of the music-on-paper something more is required. For Goldman what was missing in his technically adept Japanese bands was a <em>tradition of interpretation</em>: &#8220;I know the score says you have to play these notes, but to make music, you have to play the notes in <em>this</em> way.&#8221;</p>
<p>I&#8217;m sure there is some parallel here with the atheist &#8220;interpreters&#8221; of the Scriptural and Theological inheritances of Christianity: just look at the lower reaches of the comments in the Guardian&#8217;s Comment is Free Faith blogs— &#8220;This is the plain meaning of the words. Isn&#8217;t it ridiculous?&#8221;</p>
<p>Just playing the notes does not compensate for the tradition of interpretation being missing. Just reading the words doesn&#8217;t work if you have no idea how the words are to be <em>performed</em>.</p>
<ol class="footnotes"><li id="footnote_0_510" class="footnote">The anecdote in related in H. C. Robbins Landon, <em>Haydn: The Years of &#8216;The Creation&#8217;, 1796-1800</em>, Haydn: Chronicles and Works 5 (London: Thames and Hudson, 1977). p. 396</li></ol>]]></content:encoded>
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